Directions for Summary: A paragraph is followed by four options which have summarized the passage in their own way. Pick the option that best summarizes the passage:
Directions for Summary: A paragraph is followed by four options which have summarized
the passage in their own way. Pick the option that best summarizes the passage:
Developing countries are becoming hotbeds of business innovation in much the same way as Japan did from the 1950s onwards. They are reinventing systems of production and distribution, and experimenting with entirely new business models. Why are countries that were until recently associated with cheap hands now becoming leaders in innovation? Driven by a mixture of ambition and fear they are relentlessly climbing up the value chain. Emerging-market champions have not only proved highly competitive in their own backyards, they are also going global themselves.
(i) Developing countries are being forced to invent new business models which challenge the old business models, so they can remain competitive domestically.
(ii) Production and distribution models are going through rapid innovations worldwide as developed countries are being challenged by their earlier suppliers from the developing world.
(iii) Competition has driven emerging economies, once suppliers of cheap labour, to become innovators of business models that have enabled them to move up the value chain and go global.
(iv) Innovations in production and distribution are helping emerging economies compete with countries to which they once supplied cheap labour.
Developing countries are becoming hotbeds of business innovation in much the same way as Japan did from the 1950s onwards. They are reinventing systems of production and distribution, and experimenting with entirely new business models. Why are countries that were until recently associated with cheap hands now becoming leaders in innovation? Driven by a mixture of ambition and fear they are relentlessly climbing up the value chain. Emerging-market champions have not only proved highly competitive in their own backyards, they are also going global themselves.
(i) Developing countries are being forced to invent new business models which challenge the old business models, so they can remain competitive domestically.
(ii) Production and distribution models are going through rapid innovations worldwide as developed countries are being challenged by their earlier suppliers from the developing world.
(iii) Competition has driven emerging economies, once suppliers of cheap labour, to become innovators of business models that have enabled them to move up the value chain and go global.
(iv) Innovations in production and distribution are helping emerging economies compete with countries to which they once supplied cheap labour.
(iii) Competition has driven emerging economies, once suppliers of cheap labour, to become
innovators of business models that have enabled them to move up the value chain and go
global.
In this above paragraph discusses developing countries' becoming hotbeds of business innovation. In addition to this, it mentions the reasons as to why this is happening, and finally ends saying that they are going global as well. Option 3 captures all the ideas in the right order.Option 1 says "developing countries are being forced", for which we don't have any evidence. Option 2 shifts the focus from changes happening in developing countries to changes happening worldwide. Option 4 is not as detailed as Option 3 is. Thus Option3 is the best choice.
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