Evaluate to what extent the following institutions have or are currently supporting communities effected by human trafficking on government.
Human trafficking is a worldwide epidemic that deprives women, men and children of their basic rights each day. It has been recognized as one of the fastest growing crimes in the world that profits from the exploitation and victimization of human beings and undermines national economies and human safety. Virtually all countries are affected, acting as countries of source, transit, destination or a combination thereof. Over the last decades, human trafficking has captured significant attention worldwide and raised awareness on the different forms of exploitation and its consequences. While it is clear that the global community is committed to counter human trafficking, there is still much to be done to eradicate this crime. The multifaceted and clandestine nature of human trafficking poses a challenge for effective prevention, victim protection and prosecution related measures and policies. Its linkages with illegal migration, labor issues and health problems underline the complexity of the problem and demand different approaches from all actors. It is crucial now more than ever for actors at the international, regional and local levels to cooperate, coordinate and share responsibility in the fight against human trafficking. Law enforcers, local and national governments, international organizations and non-governmental organizations are among the key actors at the forefront of this fight. In particular, local governments play a significant role in reducing the vulnerability of potential victims, providing support and assistance to presumed and current victims, and implementing development strategies that address the root causes of trafficking, all in alignment with international human rights standards. UNITAR through its global network of training centres are committed to advance the fight against human trafficking through empowerment of local authorities. We aim to strengthen their capacities and provide an international platform for collaboration and information sharing among participants over the world. It is our hope that this publication will contribute to the ongoing debate on the Post-2015 Development Agenda and provide best practices and elements to develop a local agenda to combat human trafficking. However, the issue was not recognized internationally until the year 2000 with the adoption of the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children by the General Assembly of the United Nations, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. It is one of the three Palermo Protocols, the others being the Protocol against Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air and the Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition. The UN Trafficking Protocol encourages states to enact national laws to prevent exploitative recruitment and treatment of migrant workers, provide protection to the victims and prosecution to the offenders. It came into force on 25th December 2003 with 117 signatories and 159 parties as of June 2014. However, this does not imply that the international community took no interest in countering human trafficking until the year 2000. The main challenge was reaching a consensus among Member States concerning the definition of human trafficking.5
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